AARAP - ARNS ARAP client

The University of Melbourne
djh@munnari.OZ.AU
February, 1994
version 1.2


The 'aarap' program is a UNIX ARNS client that allows a
Macintosh using AppleTalk Remote Access software and a
serial link to a UNIX host to connect to a remote AppleTalk
network via an ARNS server.

	Note:	'aarap' with Remote Access is functionally
		equivalent to the ARNS client 'async' used
		with Async Appletalk2.

This version of 'aarap' does not implement client based
v42.bis compression or ARAP "Smart Buffering".  Modem based
compression may be used although there will be a slightly
smaller overall benefit due to the duplication of the
error-corrected link layer.  Smart Buffering is mainly
concerned with reducing the overhead of repeated packets
(such as NBP) or packet headers.  The ARNS server does not
forward NBP lookups to clients.


ARNS


ARNS is 'A Remote Network Server' package for AppleTalk that
allows a remote client to participate in local network services
such as printing and file sharing.  The ARNS server runs on a
UNIX host that is connected to an EtherTalk network and
currently supports Phase 1 and Phase 2 EtherTalk networks on
SUN SunOS/Solaris, DEC ULTRIX/Alpha, SGI IRIX, Sony NEWS 4.2,
HP-UX 8.07, IBM RS6000 AIX, Linux 1.1.74, BSDI BSD/386 1.1
and FreeBSD 2.0 workstations, and Phase 1 only on Sony NEWS
pre-4.2 and 386BSD/FreeBSD 1.0 workstations.  ARNS is available
via anonymous FTP from munnari.OZ.AU as the file

    mac/arns.tar.Z


Notice


Copyright (c) 1993-1994, The University of Melbourne.

All Rights Reserved.

The AARAP package may NOT be publicly redistributed (for
example via anonymous FTP), sold, or the source used for
any other purpose without the permission of the copyright
owner.

This software is supplied "as is" without express or
implied warranty.


Distribution


The 'aarap' package is available as a binary distribution
ONLY for the following hosts

	SUN	Sun4/Sparc	4.1.N, 5.3
	SUN	Sun3/68k	4.1.N
	DEC	Ultrix/RISC	4.3
	DEC	Alpha		2.0
	SGI	IRIX/IP7	4.0.5
	IBM	AIX/RISC	3.2
	HP	HP-UX/9000/715	9.0.1
	Sony	NEWS/RISC	4.2
	BSDI    BSD/386         1.1
	-       Linux           1.0.9
	-       FreeBSD         2.0

The files are available in compressed tar format via
anonymous FTP from munnari.OZ.AU in the directory
mac/arns_arap.  Each tar file contains a copy of this
'README', a troff-format UNIX manual entry in 'aarap.1l',
a set of ARA scripts in 'ara.script.sit.hqx' and a UNIX
binary for a specific architecture.

	Note:	You can read the manual entry with the UNIX
		command 'nroff -man aarap.1l | more'

The binary files, once extracted from each tar distribution,
have the following checksums (using sum(1) on the host)

	aarap.aix.3.2		26072    45
	aarap.irix.4.0		32463   216
	aarap.sun3.4.1		59172   152
	aarap.sun4.4.1		08961	200
	aarap.sun4.5.3		34888	116
	aarap.ultrix.4.3	21705   144
	aarap.hpux.9.0		48682	120
	aarap.sonynews		14709   120
	aarap.alpha.2.0		03549	 96
	aarap.bsdi.1.1		09876   136
	aarap.linux		53169    42
	aarap.freebsd		2082602302 45056     (cksum)

The compressed tar file names are obtained by adding ".tar.Z"
to the binary file names listed above.

	Note:	The "AppleTalk Remote Access" program is
		not included.


ARA Script


The ARA scripts provided with the 'aarap' package differ from
most other ARA scripts in that they are not intended to be
modem specific.  Rather, they are designed to navigate the
Macintosh user through a UNIX login session via a modem,
terminal server or direct serial line connection.


ARA Session


Install 'AppleTalk Remote Access' as instructed by the ARA
Installation Guide.  Copy the "UNIX Dial-up 9600",
"UNIX Dial-up 19200", ... ARA scripts provided with this
package to the Extensions sub-folder of the System Folder.

Double-click the 'Remote Access' icon and select "Remote
Access Setup..." from the 'Setup' menu (this is equivalent
to double-clicking the Remote Access Setup Control Panel).
Select the appropriate speed UNIX Dial-up script in the
'Modem:' pop-up menu and the "Modem Port" in the 'Port:'
pop-up menu.  Ignore the "Remote Access Answering Setup"
portion of the dialog box, 'aarap' can not be used to
place a call to a Macintosh.

Click the 'Guest' radio button.

If your modem is set up correctly for a normal dialup
session to a UNIX host, enter the desired telephone number
in the 'Phone:' field and click on the 'Connect' button.
Otherwise, enter the string "modem" in the 'Phone:' field
and then select 'Connect'.  You will be prompted for a
modem command string (eg: at&D0; etc.).  This prompt will
be repeated as long as the modem responds with 'OK' or
'ERROR'.  The final action should be to dial the telephone
number with 'atdNNN....'

Once the modem has printed 'CONNECT', the ARA script moves
to the direct connection stage (this is equivalent to
entering the string "direct" in the 'Phone:' field).  At
this point the script tries to match common UNIX or terminal
server login banners such as "login:", "Annex username:" or
"SERVICE?" (this portion of the script is likely to need
customising for your local environment).  The script will
then prompt for a user name and password, the latter is
masked for security.

The string "Last login:" is used to detect a valid UNIX
login session.  The ARA script moves to the UNIX session
stage (this is equivalent to entering the string "unix"
in the 'Phone:' field).  The script prompts for the path
name of the 'aarap' program and, if necessary, the ARNS
server password.

At this point the Macintosh should be connected to the
AppleTalk network served by the ARNS server host.

To disconnect the ARA session, select the 'Disconnect'
button.  This terminates the 'aarap' program but will
leave the login session intact.


Customisation


The script currently supports Annex Terminal servers and
a Gandalf PACX.  If you have another type of terminal server,
you will need to modify the script to suit.  This may
involve changing the serial line parity, number of stop
bits, line speed and recognition of strings printed by
terminal servers or UNIX hosts.

The ARA script starts with even parity and seven data bits.
If, in the direct connection stage, there is no recognisable
response after four line feeds have been sent, the serial
line is changed to no parity, eight-bit data.  If this also
fails to elicit a response, the line is changed to odd
parity, seven-bit data.  If this then fails, the connection
is aborted.

If a UNIX login session is already running on the serial
line, you can set the line to a specific parity by entering
the strings "none" or "odd" instead of "unix" (defaults to
even parity).

If the serial port speed of the modem is higher than the
transmission rate, edit the ARA script and change the
'communicatingat' line to reflect the real throughput.
eg: 'communicatingat 14400' if the DCE speed is 19200 on
a 14.4k modem.  Speeds slower than 9600 may not be very
usable.

In ARA 2.0, you can turn on hardware flow control from within
the script.  You must be using a serial cable that supports
flow control signals correctly.

ARA scripts are plain text files with type 'mlts' and
creator 'slnk'.  To use Microsoft Word to edit the script,
use resEdit 'Get File/Folder Info...' to change the type to
'TEXT' and creator 'MSWD'.  To use the MPW editor, use type
'TEXT' and creator 'MPS ' (note the space).

Information on writing ARA scripts is available in

	"AppleTalk Remote Access Modem Toolkit"

ARA protocol information is contained in

	"AppleTalk Remote Access Developer's Toolkit"

The APDA order numbers for version 2.0 of these toolkits are
R0129LL/C and R0128LL/B respectively.


Bugs, comments etc. to djh@munnari.OZ.AU